Multistate Models Reveal Long-Term Trends of Northern Spotted Owls in the Absence of a Novel Competitor.
Quantifying spatial and temporal variability in population trends is a critical aspect of successful management of imperiled species.We evaluated territory occupancy dynamics of northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina), California, USA, 1990-2014.The study area possessed two unique aspects.First, timber management has occurred for over 10